Temporomandibular joint
The temporomandibular
joint (TMJ) is a complex,
hinge-and-gliding joint that connects the mandible
(lower jaw) to the temporal bone of
the skull, allowing movements essential for chewing, speaking, and yawning.
A fibrocartilaginous disc cushions the joint and works with surrounding
ligaments and masticatory muscles to
stabilize motion; coordinated action permits opening, closing, protrusion, and
lateral shifts of the jaw.
Disorders of the temporomandibular joint
can cause pain, restricted movement, clicking, or headaches, and assessment
often involves clinical examination, imaging, and conservative treatments such
as physical therapy, occlusal appliances, and pain management.
